
Category: Retina
Navigating Choroidal Folds: A Comprehensive Approa...
Posted by Vincent Chan, OD, ABCMO | Aug 15, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3 | 0 |
Paradoxical Progression in Nerve Fiber Analysis fr...
Posted by Jamie Wang, OD and Shephali Patel OD, MS, FAAO | Aug 15, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3 | 0 |
Photo Essay – A Spiral Illusion: An Atypical Presentation of Schlaegel Lines
by Theresa Jay, OD, FAAO, Steve Njeru, OD, MS, FAAO and Melissa Chen, OD | Aug 19, 2025 | Photo Essay, Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3
This case describes an unusual spiral pattern of Schlaegel lines in a patient with inactive multifocal choroiditis. Although most often associated with…
Read MoreNavigating Choroidal Folds: A Comprehensive Approach for the Primary Care Optometrist
by Vincent Chan, OD, ABCMO | Aug 15, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3
Choroidal folds are a key indicator of ocular or systemic pathology, with their typical horizontal orientation reflecting underlying anatomical and…
Read MoreParadoxical Progression in Nerve Fiber Analysis from Peripapillary Retinoschisis
by Jamie Wang, OD and Shephali Patel OD, MS, FAAO | Aug 15, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3
Peripapillary retinoschisis (PPRS) can cause fluctuations in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness; thus, the spontaneous resolution of PPRS can mimic…
Read MoreAnemic Retinopathy Secondary to Babesiosis Infection
by James P Smith, OD, MS, FAAO, ABCMO, Maria Ennamorati, OD and Laura.Dowd, OD, FAAO | Aug 14, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 3
Babesiosis can cause hemolytic anemia through both infectious and autoimmune processes. Anemic retinopathy can occur due to Babesiosis and…
Read MorePseudoxanthoma Elasticum and Angioid Streaks
by Sweta Das, OD, FAAO, Sherry J. Bass, OD, FAAO, Dipl ABO and Sara Weidmayer, OD, FAAO, ABCMO | May 26, 2025 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 3, Issue 2
PXE is a critical multisystem disease that often presents with readily visible dermatologic manifestations and clinically typical fundus exam findings…
Read MoreBenign Yellow Dot Maculopathy
by Jade Liu, OD, FAAO, Andrea L. Murphy, OD, FAAO, Diplomate ABO, Jeremy Saxon, OD and Richard Frick, OD, FAAO | May 19, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 2
This case of Benign Yellow Dot Maculopathy represents a unique phenotype that has limited coverage in existing literature. To date, only 48 cases…
Read MoreGuess the Disease: When the Great Masquerader Unveils Its Disguise
by Shelly Kim, OD, FAAO | Feb 18, 2025 | Featured Article, Guess the Disease, Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 3, Issue 1
A 49-year-old white man presented to the eye clinic due to sudden-onset scotoma in the right eye. The scotoma was inferior to fixation. He noticed it…
Read MoreAssessing Risk of Neovascular Sequelae in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
by Ethan Wohlgemuth, OD, FAAO and Molly Brawdy, BHSc, OD | Feb 18, 2025 | Retina, Volume 3, Issue 1
Differentiation between ischemic and non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusions provides valuable information regarding visual prognosis and risk of…
Read MorePost-operative Hypotony And Choroidal Effusion Following Cataract Surgery Suture Removal
by Jenna Koskey, OD, FAAO, Dipl. ABO | Nov 17, 2024 | Cataract, Retina, Volume 2, Issue 4
Ocular hypotony can occur for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to ocular inflammation, glaucoma filtration surgery, or trauma…
Read MoreHyperviscosity-Related Retinopathy and Serous Macular Detachment in WaldenstrÓ§m Macroglobulinemia Managed With Zanubrutinib
by Andrew J. Crist, OD, FAAO and Ravneet K. Meeta, OD | Aug 19, 2024 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 2, Issue 3
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative B-cell disorder characterized by overproduction of monoclonal…
Read MoreMultimodal Imaging in the Diagnosis of Solar Retinopathy Secondary to Viewing Solar Eclipse with Inadequate Eye Protection
by Sarah Rogers, OD, FAAO | Aug 7, 2024 | Retina, Volume 2, Issue 3
Multimodal imaging and a thorough case history can aid in the diagnosis of solar maculopathy. OCT and fundus autofluorescence can identify small…
Read MoreManagement of a Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
by Amy Knapke, OD, FAAO | May 15, 2024 | Retina, Volume 2, Issue 2
While patients with RAMs are often asymptomatic, providers must be able to clinically differentiate them from other retinal conditions so they can manage and counsel patients appropriately. This case report reviews the anatomical features, risk factors, clinical course, pathophysiology, and treatment options for potential sequelae of a RAM.
Read MoreThe Phenomenon of Quiescent Tomographically-Detected Macular Neovascularization
by Leslie Wilderson, OD, FAAO | May 7, 2024 | Macular Degeneration, Retina, Volume 2, Issue 2
Macular neovascularization (MNV) is a pathophysiological precursor to local tissue destruction. Age-related macular degeneration is the predominant disease for MNV incidence. The spectrum of macular neovascular morphologies can be studied with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging and observed for vision-threatening activity.
Read MoreHighlighting hypertriglyceridemia with a case of lipemia retinalis
by Emily Humphreys, OD, FAAO and Thomas Andrea OD, FAAO | Feb 24, 2024 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 2, Issue 1
Severe hypertriglyceridemia can transiently cause the appearance of a salmon-colored fundus with creamy vessels which is known as lipemia retinalis
Read MoreDiagnosing Macular Telangiectasia Type 2
by Pete Thomas Liette, OD, FAAO, Brett Garee OD, MS, FAAO and Rachele Liette, OD | Feb 23, 2024 | Retina, Volume 2, Issue 1
MacTel type 2 is the most common subtype that results in atrophic changes and sometimes subretinal neovascularization (SRN). This case report will focus on a patient with MacTel type 2 and the management and treatment options pertinent to the case.
Read MoreTorpedo Maculopathy
by Adam Provost, OD | Feb 23, 2024 | Retina, Volume 2, Issue 1
Torpedo maculopathy is a rare condition resulting in malformation of the outer retina. These lesions are often asymptomatic and found incidentally during routine eye examination. Although typically benign, there are rare reports of associated complications requiring treatment. Appropriate monitoring is thus required.
Read MoreSickle cell retinopathy: diagnosis, management, and treatment
by Steve Njeru, OD, MS, FAAO, Eric Spotts, OD and Melissa Chen, OD | Nov 28, 2023 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 1, Issue 3
Sickle cell disease is one of the world’s most common hemoglobinopathies, with a wide spectrum of systemic manifestations. The most common ocular…
Read MoreA Diagnostic Challenge of Scleromalacia Perforans
by Danielle Toms, OD and Elizabeth Phillips, OD | Aug 17, 2023 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 1, Issue 2
This case demonstrates the potential difficulty in separating anterior from posterior scleritis, along with the importance of uncovering whether an episode of scleritis is infectious or non-infectious in origin.
Read MoreRetinopathy Prompting Laboratory Testing: a report of two cases
by Eric M. Lee, OD, FAAO, ABCMO | Aug 17, 2023 | Retina, Systemic Disease, Volume 1, Issue 2
Lab testing, when directed by the retinopathy appearance and patient demographics, can serve as an helpful method of uncovering systemic disease…
Read MoreLessons on Juxtapapillary Fluid
by Sara Weidmayer, OD, FAAO, ABCMO | Aug 17, 2023 | Retina, Volume 1, Issue 2
Fluid around the optic disc can come from a variety of sources. Clinical exam and accurate interpretation of ancillary studies, such as OCT or FA are…
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